Singapore legislation
Section 36
Section 36
Offences by bodies corporate, etc.
(1)
Where an offence under this Act or any regulations made thereunder is committed by a body corporate and it is proved to have been committed with the consent or connivance of, or to be attributable to any act or default on the part of, any officer of the body corporate, the officer as well as the body corporate shall be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
(2)
Where the affairs of a body corporate are managed by its members, subsection (1) shall apply in relation to the acts and defaults of a member in connection with his functions of management as if he were a director of the body corporate.
(3)
Where an offence under this Act or any regulations made thereunder is committed by a partnership of individuals or bodies corporate and it is proved to have been committed with the consent or connivance of, or to be attributable to any act or default on the part of, any partner of the partnership or any officer of the body corporate, the partner or the officer of the body corporate as well as the partnership shall be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
(4)
Where an offence under this Act or any regulations made thereunder is committed by an unincorporated association (other than a partnership), any officer of the unincorporated association or member of its governing body and it is proved to have been committed with the consent or connivance of, or to be attributable to any act or default on the part of, any officer of the unincorporated association, or any person who was purporting to act in any such capacity, he as well as the unincorporated association shall be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
(5)
In this section —
Definition
“body corporate” includes a limited liability partnership which has the same meaning as in section 2(1) of the Limited Liability Partnerships Act (Cap. 163A);
Definition
“officer” —
in relation to a body corporate, means any director, partner, member of the committee of management, chief executive, manager, secretary or other similar officer of the body corporate and includes any person purporting to act in any such capacity; or
in relation to an unincorporated association (other than a partnership), means the president, the secretary, or any member of the committee of the unincorporated association, or any person holding a position analogous to that of the president, secretary or member of the committee and includes any person purporting to act in any such capacity;
Definition
“partner” includes a person purporting to act as a partner.
(6)
Regulations may provide for the application of any provision of this section, with such modifications as the Minister considers appropriate, to any body corporate or unincorporated association formed or recognised under the law of a territory outside Singapore.