Singapore legislation
Section 47
of Corruption, Drug Trafficking and Other Serious Crimes (Confiscation of Benefits) Act 1992
Section 47
Information and identity of informers not to be disclosed
(1)
Except as provided in subsection (3) —
information disclosed by an informer must not be admitted in evidence in any civil or criminal proceedings; and
no witness in any civil or criminal proceedings is obliged —
to disclose the name and address of any informer; or
to answer any question if the answer thereto would lead, or would tend to lead, to the discovery of the name or address of the informer.
(2)
If any book, document or paper which is in evidence or liable to inspection in any civil or criminal proceedings contains any entry in which any informer is named or described or which may lead to the informer’s discovery, the court is to cause those entries to be concealed from view or to be obliterated so far as may be necessary to protect the informer from discovery.
(3)
If a court —
in any proceedings before it for an offence under any written law, after full inquiry into the case, is satisfied that an informer wilfully made a material statement which the informer knew or believed to be false or did not believe to be true; or
in any other proceedings, is of the opinion that justice cannot be fully done between the parties to the proceedings without the disclosure of the name of an informer,the court may permit inquiry and require full disclosure concerning the informer.
(4)
In this section, “informer” means a person who makes a disclosure pursuant to a requirement under section 5(3) or pursuant to section 45(1).[40A