Singapore legislation
Section 117
Section 117
Offences by bodies corporate, etc.
(1)
Where an offence under this Act committed by a body corporate is proved —
to have been committed with the consent or connivance of an officer; or
to be attributable to any act or default on the officer’s part,the officer as well as the body corporate shall be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
(2)
Where the affairs of a body corporate are managed by its members, subsection (1) applies in relation to the acts and defaults of a member in connection with the member’s functions of management as if the member were a director of the body corporate.
(3)
Where an offence under this Act committed by a partnership is proved —
to have been committed with the consent or connivance of a partner; or
to be attributable to any act or default on the partner’s part,the partner as well as the partnership shall be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
(4)
Where an offence under this Act committed by a limited liability partnership is proved to have been committed with the consent or connivance of, or to be attributable to any neglect on the part of, a partner or manager of the limited liability partnership, the partner or manager (as the case may be) as well as the partnership shall be guilty of that offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
(5)
Where an offence under this Act committed by an unincorporated association (other than a partnership) is proved —
to have been committed with the consent or connivance of an officer of the unincorporated association or a member of its governing body; or
to be attributable to any act or default on the part of such an officer or a member,the officer or member as well as the unincorporated association shall be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
(6)
In this section —
Definition
“body corporate” and “partnership” exclude a limited liability partnership within the meaning of the Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2005;
Definition
“officer” —
in relation to a body corporate, means any director, member of the committee of management, chief executive officer, manager, secretary or other similar officer of the body corporate and includes any person purporting to act in any such capacity; and
in relation to an unincorporated association (other than a partnership), means the president, the secretary, or any member of the committee of the unincorporated association, or any person holding a position analogous to that of the president, secretary or member of the committee and includes any person purporting to act in any such capacity;
Definition
“partner” includes a person purporting to act as a partner.
(7)
The Minister may make rules to provide for the application of any provision of this section, with such modifications as the Minister considers appropriate, to any body corporate, limited liability partnership or unincorporated association formed or recognised under the law of a territory outside Singapore.[87B