Singapore legislation

Section 426

of Copyright Act 2021

Section 426

Prohibition on dealing in circumventing devices

(1)

Subject to the provisions of this Division, a person infringes this section if the person deals (wilfully or otherwise) in a circumventing device.

(2)

For the purposes of this Division, a person (X) deals in a circumventing device if —

(a)

a technological measure is applied —

(i)

to a protected copy;

(ii)

by or with the authority of the rights owner of the protected copy; and

(iii)

in connection with the exercise of the copyright or the protection of the performance, as the case may be;

(b)

X deals in any device, product or component that —

(i)

is promoted, advertised or marketed for the purpose of circumventing the technological measure;

(ii)

has only a limited commercially significant purpose or use other than to circumvent the technological measure; or

(iii)

is designed or made primarily for the purpose of circumventing the technological measure; and

(c)

X does so without the rights owner’s authority.

(3)

For the purposes of this Division, a dealing in a circumventing device is wilful if and only if —

(a)

in relation to subsection (2)(b)(i) — the promotion, advertising or marketing is —

(i)

done by X personally; or

(ii)

personally authorised by X;

(b)

in relation to subsection (2)(b)(ii) — at the time of dealing, X knows or ought reasonably to know that the device, product or component has only a limited commercially significant purpose or use other than to circumvent the technological measure; and

(c)

in relation to subsection (2)(b)(iii) — at the time of dealing, X knows or ought reasonably to know that the device, product or component is designed or made primarily for the purpose of circumventing the technological measure.