Singapore legislation
Clause 29
Clause 29
Restrictions on disclosure of information
(1)
No person may disclose any individually-identifiable information of any research subject which has come to his or her knowledge in the course of discharging his or her functions or duties under this Act, or by virtue of his or her conduct or review of the human biomedical research, as the case may be, except —
with the consent of the research subject or the person authorised under Part 3 to give consent on his or her behalf, as the case may be;
when it is necessary to do so in connection with the administration or execution of anything under this Act;
when ordered to do so by a court;
where the information is publicly available;
to any person or class of persons to whom, in the opinion of the Director, it is in the public interest that the information be disclosed; (f)where any other right of disclosure arises under this Act or any other written law or rule of law; or
in such other circumstances and to such persons as may be prescribed.
(2)
No person receiving any individually-identifiable information or human biomedical material of a research subject, may disclose any individually-identifiable information of the research subject, if at the time when the person received the information or material, the person knew or had reasonable grounds to believe that it had been communicated or supplied to him or her in contravention of this Act or any other written law or rule of law.
(3)
Any person who contravenes subsection (1) or (2) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $20,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both.