Hansard, Wednesday, 4 March 2026

1 Mr Victor Lye asked the Acting Minister for Transport (a) whether studies were conducted on the impact of the revised Preferential Additional Registration Fee (PARF) rebate schedule on (i) car depreciation rates (ii) new car demand and (iii) COE renewal behaviour; and (b) whether the findings can be shared.

2 Mr Victor Lye asked the Acting Minister for Transport in respect of the revision in preferential additional registration fee (PARF) rebate announced in Budget 2026, whether transitional measures were considered to mitigate unintended financial impacts on car buyers who planned purchases based on the previous depreciation framework.

3 Ms Poh Li San asked the Acting Minister for Transport on the revised Preferential Additional Registration Fee rebate (a) how will it affect new car prices; and (b) what recourse is there for buyers who have purchased new cars but have not yet registered their Certificates of Entitlement before 6 February 2026.

Mr Speaker, may I have your permission to take Question Nos 1 to 3 in today’s Order Paper together?

Yes, please proceed.

Thank you. The Preferential Additional Registration Fee (PARF) rebate was designed to encourage the renewal of the vehicle population to keep the vehicle fleet younger and hence, safer and less pollutive. With electric vehicles (EVs) becoming more commonplace, there is now less of a need to encourage early deregistration through the PARF rebate. This is why we lowered the PARF rebate and also reduced the rebate cap from $60,000 to $30,000. We do not expect the changes to affect Certificate of Entitlement (COE) renewal behaviour significantly.

The recent changes to vehicle taxes were implemented with immediate effect, in line with our general approach on market sensitive tax changes. In this case, it was to avoid bidders rushing to market, or distorting the COE market. This was the same approach we had taken in 2023 when the PARF rebate cap was implemented and the Additional Registration Fee (ARF) was raised. Vehicle taxes and rebates are also consistently levied at the point of registration, not the point of sale, to ensure all buyers in a specific COE bidding exercise are treated equally.

Fewer than 2,000 car buyers with committed purchases are estimated to be affected. These include mostly buyers of higher-end internal combustion engine cars. Buyers with existing purchase agreements who have yet to secure a COE may wish to discuss with their dealers to come to a mutually acceptable agreement. We understand that some dealers have already made alternative arrangements with affected buyers.

Mr Lye.

Thank you, Speaker. Thank you, Minister. With the changes in the PARF policy, does it signal a shift that we are now moving from ownership pricing to usage pricing? And if so, can Singaporeans have a sense of the roadmap so as to make better transport decisions, private or public otherwise?

Thank you, Mr Speaker. I think we will always need a balance of both ownership as well as usage controls, both of which are necessary and important to keep road congestion in check. With Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) 2.0 and other usage tools, we have the ability to sharpen our usage policies to make it more targeted and perhaps to then make the usage of our roads more efficient. And depending on the outcomes, potentially we can then adjust our ownership policies and our vehicle quotas accordingly.

Ms Poh.

Thank you, Speaker, and Acting Minister. I would like to ask, does this shift in the PARF framework indicate the Ministry of Transport's (MOT's) intent to accelerate the uptake of EVs further, given that in the past few years, the take-up rate for EVs has already increased quite a fair bit?

Thank you, Mr Speaker. We had decided to make adjustments to the PARF rate precisely because the take-up of EVs has increased, and this has made the original objective of PARF, which was to encourage early renewal of vehicles and therefore, have a younger vehicle fleet that is less pollutive, that initial objective is now less relevant with the take-up of EVs.

We are watching the adoption of EVs very closely. I think the trend is positive. And as Members know, what we are trying to do is to encourage more emission friendly cars, and we will continue to do that in the coming years.

4 Mr Gerald Giam Yean Song asked the Coordinating Minister for Social Policies and Minister for Health (a) what more community support services are being developed to address gaming disorder among young adults; (b) whether the Ministry has studied jurisdictions that implemented playtime limits or identity verification to curb problematic gaming; and (c) beyond public education, what direct measures are taken to ensure the gaming industry embeds responsible features in digital products.

There are counselling and intervention programmes available in the community for those seeking help with gaming addiction, such as TOUCH Community Services and WE CARE Community Services.

The Government has also progressively introduced regulatory measures to better protect users from harms associated with gaming. The Code of Practice for Online Safety – App Distribution Services requires designated app stores to put in place measures to minimise users’ risk of exposure to harmful content, including those found in gaming apps. Designated app stores must also put in place age assurance measures by March 2026 to reduce the likelihood of young users accessing and downloading age-inappropriate apps, including gaming apps.

The Government will continue to monitor developments in other jurisdictions, including playtime limits or identity verification, and study if safeguards for online video games are required.

Mr Giam.

Sir, I think the Senior Minister of State for his reply. In view of the 10.3% prevalence rate for Internet gaming disorder among young adults in Singapore, will the Government take more urgent measures and more strictly regulate the gaming industry? For example, will it mandate game developers to have ethical design features and implement real world currency mandates, cool down periods, and regulate gacha and pay-to-win mechanics, while protecting skills-based competitive gaming? This will help curb predatory dark patterns without stifling the e-sports industry.

And second, could the Senior Minister of State provide an assessment of whether the current intervention, such as generic cyber wellness talks, are effective and well-received by young people and their parents? Will the Ministry consider holding more technical workshops that shed light on how algorithms actually work and engineer addiction, so as to foster more genuine digital literacy by both gamers and their family members?

Sir, the Member's first question would be more appropriately directed to the Ministry of Digital Development and Information (MDDI), which is the agency and the Ministry responsible for working with the app developers on app design and how they put forth products onto the market. So, I urge the Member to perhaps raise the questions with MDDI in a subsequent Parliamentary Question.

But on his question of whether we will do more to educate and protect users from some of the harmful things that might be available on apps, the answer is yes. But we will need to look at how we can balance between increased protection for users versus personal autonomy, and the practicality of enforcement. Because at the end of the day when we – I am not sure whether the Member was referring to young adults as in adults or if he was referring to teens – because if we are talking about a young adult, he is still an adult and he does have personal autonomy. So, our approach has been to go more upstream to educate, to raise awareness, but also to work upstream with developers and app stores to make sure that there are some age appropriate safeguards, so that for those who are below a certain age threshold for which they are not deemed as adults, put some barriers in place so that they are not actually exposed to it when they are still teens or young people.

So, I think that that is something that we will continue to do in a evidence-driven way – looking at the proportionality of the measures that we are going to do, but also make sure that it is feasible and ensure that there are no unintended consequences of any measures we put forth.

The following question stood in the name of Mr Vikram Nair –

5 To ask the Acting Minister for Transport (a) whether the steady increase in Private Hire Car Driver's Vocational Licence is a sustainable trend; and (b) whether there are plans to manage the number of private hire car drivers.

Question No 5.

Who is answering?

I apologise, Mr Speaker, the question is Question No 5, which is on whether or not there is a steady increase in the vocational licences, whether there is a sustainable trend and whether there are plans to manage the number of private hire car (PHC) drivers.

The number of PHC Driver’s Vocational Licences has continued to be roughly maintained at the same level for the past few years. There are no plans at the moment for us to constrain the total number of drivers. It is important for us to have PHCs continue to be an important mode of transport in our transport system, largely because they provide for people who are unable to drive or are unwilling to own a car but yet would like to have access to private transport on a pay-per-use basis. And I think we want to be able to continue to do that.

The taxi or the point-to-point population has increased from 28,000 10 years ago, to roughly around 70,000 today. That represents a significant increase. But at the same time, I think if you look at the number of total rides, it is about 400,000 a day, that is substantial and it complements our public transport provision, which is still going to be our main focus for our transport policy. So, we have no intention at the moment to curtail the number, but I think the number has stabilised over time.

Mr Nair.

I thank the Minister for the response. I think generally leaving the numbers to the free market is not objectionable. The only caveat is that in the case of PHC drivers, people may be giving up opportunities to engage in other professions in order to have the freedom of being a PHC driver. And if the numbers were to go up too much, they may not be able to earn a livelihood. I suggest there might be some basis to intervene in the market, if the numbers appear too large, or PHC drivers' incomes and all that keep going down.

Thank you, Mr Speaker. I agree with the hon Member that indeed there are alternative occupations that, particularly this group who are Singaporean, can potentially take in the economy. But this group of PHC drivers, it is a diverse group. There are professional drivers who are doing the same thing as taxi drivers, driving full-time. There are people who are also in transient employment and this is a good way for them to come in and continue to earn an income, maybe when they are in between jobs.

And so, to that end, we have not intentionally tried to restrict the numbers But as the Member has pointed out, this is a important pool of labour. Certainly, I would appreciate if some of them go into the bus industry, help us address the constraint that we have for public buses. But we have to leave it to the market and to let them decide.

6 Dr Hamid Razak asked the Coordinating Minister for Social Policies and Minister for Health (a) how does the Ministry define the intended role of community mental health services within Singapore’s care continuum; (b) whether community mental health services are primarily designed as (i) first-contact services (ii) post-hospital step-down care or (iii) both; and (c) how does this inform service design and resourcing.

Mr Speaker, my response will also address written Question No 9 filed by Dr Hamid Razak and filed in yesterday's Order Paper.

Community mental health teams include Community Outreach Teams (CREST) and Community Intervention Teams (COMIT). CREST is designated as one of the First Stops for Mental Health to improve access to screening, basic emotional support and other mental health resources. On the other hand, COMIT provides higher level psychosocial interventions, such as cognitive behavioural therapy, for individuals with moderate mental health needs. Both CREST and COMIT attend to patients referred for follow-up after undergoing treatment at the acute hospitals.

So, the short answer to his question today is, yes, both these resources are to cater as a first stop and also, for follow-up in the community.

The Ministry of Health (MOH), together with the Agency for Integrated Care, monitors several indicators of these services. These include clinical and functional outcomes using tools such as the Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalised Anxiety Disorder and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.

0. We also monitor the service utilisation and intensity of care needs of clients, including the referral sources. We use such data in our ongoing review and refinement of community mental health services, and to determine the resourcing for these services.

Dr Hamid.

Thank you, Mr Speaker, and I thank the Senior Minister of State for his answer. My question really stems out of, when we look at a parallelism in terms of physical care, when we talk about community care in the aspect of physical health, we often look at step-down care in terms of intermediate and long-term care. So, this space of community mental health, since they are dual-purpose for both first touch as well as follow-up care, how does the Ministry ensure that our community mental care workers are adequately resourced and staffed so that the care itself is not compromised, as well as for the welfare of our community mental health workers?

Sir, the National Mental Health Office works closely with various agencies, including the Agency for Integrated Care, as well as touchpoints with our community partners that are delivering some of these care in the community. Through the regular interactions and structured meetings, we do get a sense of what the resourcing gaps might be.

And right now, one of our measures is to push forth training resources and having some pocket guides to help the care providers right-site the clients to the right level of care so that they are not overburdened by those who need more care than they can provide. In these interactions and formalised meeting sessions, we will be able to get a sense of where the gaps might be and if need be, provide them with extra resources. It could be funding, could be training support to be able to deliver the services that they need to do in the community.

7 Mr Vikram Nair asked the Coordinating Minister for National Security and Minister for Home Affairs in light of the increase in the number of vegetation fires since 2022 as well as the increase in Singapore's annual average temperature over the years, whether the SCDF is taking precautionary steps aimed at reducing vegetation fires.

Climate change has resulted in drier and hotter weather in recent years, increasing the risks of wildfire. The Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF) leads an inter-agency Wildfire Task Force, comprising members from relevant agencies, such as the Singapore Land Authority, National Parks Board, National Environment Agency and PUB, to proactively minimise the risk of vegetation fires.

The Wildfire Task Force actively monitors weather patterns and initiates preventive measures ahead of anticipated dry spells. These measures include identifying potential hotspots, such as areas with dense vegetation for closer monitoring, watering and trimming of overgrown vegetation, creating "fire breaks" or buffer zones to prevent fire spread during vegetation fires, and educating the public not to indiscriminately discard lighted materials, such as cigarette butts, onto grass patches.

Mr Nair.

I know in the past, the SCDF has managed to reverse the rising trend of wildfires. Does the SCDF envision that this can happen again with the additional measures that are in place?

Speaker, I think the Member is right in that, over the last few years, the number of vegetation fires has generally been kept under control – under 200 per year over the last five years.

However, we do know, especially for the weather, we do have to take a much bigger and longer-term perspective. When we look at 2018 to 2019, the numbers were much higher. In 2019, for example, it was in the 800s per year. That was also because during 2019, there were sustained periods of dry weather leading to spontaneous fires sparking off.

What is important here is that we need to watch the weather patterns very carefully. It is seasonal, very dependent on how much rainfall we get. It is important for us to stay vigilant and take proactive measures, the measures that I have mentioned above. Whenever we work very closely with the other agencies, when the Meteorological Service tells us we should anticipate dry weather, I think that is when we need to take even more proactive prevention methods.

8 Mr Gerald Giam Yean Song asked the Coordinating Minister for Social Policies and Minister for Health (a) what specific factors led to the $0.31 billion projected reduction in the Ministry’s revised FY2025 operating expenditure compared to the initial estimates; and (b) how does the Ministry reconcile lower-than-projected funding needs for public healthcare institutions with the increased care demands of a rapidly ageing population.

Mr Speaker, the reduction in the Ministry of Health's (MOH's) estimated financial year (FY) 2025 operating expenditure of $310 million is about 1.6% of the total initial estimate of $18.8 billion. It is mainly due to lower-than-expected increases in operating costs at the public healthcare clusters and is within an accepted margin of budget variance.

Overall, MOH's operating expenditure maintains an upward trajectory. The revised FY2025 estimate of $18.49 billion is $1.63 billion, or 9.7%, higher than the actual FY2025 operating expenditure. [Please refer to ​"Clarification by Minister of State for Health", Official Report, 4 March 2026, Vol 96, Issue 24, Correction By Written Statement section.]

The trend of increase will continue, as shown by the estimated FY2026 operating expenditure of $20.04 billion.

Mr Giam.

I thank the Minister of State for the reply. Can I get more clarity on what the operating costs that were lower than expected were?

Mr Speaker, the net decrease comprises many lines of reduction and these include the timing of some decisions. It is an operation, as the Member will know, so there are many different things that could happen. But actually, in total, it partially also offsets increases. So, there will be some decreases, some increases and largely because there are operational demands within the public healthcare institution.

Mr Giam. Mr Giam had another clarification.

Sir, I think I do want to request a bit more clarity on what are the operational costs that went down more than more than expected. Is it due to things like lower take-up rate of salary enhancement schemes or is it because of other aspects that might have led to longer waiting times for patients? Because we would have expected that because of an ageing population, operating costs should have gone up and if anything, it would have exceeded the expectations and the budgeted amounts rather than decrease. So, is patient care compromise in any way because of this?

I can appreciate the Member's concern, Mr Speaker. Some of the information are non-public information with regard to the operations. But Member can be assured that it was not an issue of compromising of care to patients. Largely, it related to the different projects and different decisions that were made on certain items, but healthcare services continued to be priority and continued to be delivered well to the patients.

9 Mr Yip Hon Weng asked the Coordinating Minister for Social Policies and Minister for Health whether the Ministry will consider establishing a council to provide recommendations on reasonable Integrated Shield Plan and rider premium increases for private healthcare.

Mr Speaker, Integrated Shield Plans (IPs) and riders are private, commercial products and IP insurers operate in a competitive market. Therefore, the quantum and frequency of premium revisions are subject to insurers' actuarial and commercial considerations which are best left to market forces. The Government's role should be to ensure affordable, accessible and good quality subsidised healthcare for Singaporeans.

Mr Yip.

Thank you, Mr Speaker. I thank the Minister of State for her reply. My question pertains to seniors. Many retirees may downgrade or drop private coverage due to premium increases, even as MediShield Life premium also rises. Will the Ministry consider establishing a pricing council or having broader regulatory guardrails that helps in terms of financial security and access options for seniors as well as middle-income households?

Mr Speaker, in response to the Member's question, I would just also reiterate the point I made earlier that we do want to take a balanced approach, because while we do want to actually protect consumers, it is important to appreciate that some of the premium revisions are really issues of market decisions and we do have to leave some of this to market forces.

Having said that, I appreciate that there are concerns on the impact to consumers. As mentioned in previous Parliamentary Questions, firstly, information is made available, and there are a lot of guidelines to try and get people to make the best decisions.

Separately, we have also been looking at different modalities and approaches, including introducing benchmark for private professional fees to guide pricing and guard against overcharging. We have taken enforcement actions against a small minority of doctors who made errant claims. We have also intervened to improve consumer fairness and transparency.

We will continue to work on these to make sure that consumers are protected.

10 Mr Cai Yinzhou asked the Minister for Education (a) whether the Ministry has identified schools most vulnerable to urban heat island effect; (b) what progress has been made in applying cool paint and installing ventilations across older school campuses; and (c) whether building standards for new schools will mandate passive cooling designs so as to avoid the need for full air-conditioning.

11 Mr Cai Yinzhou asked the Minister for Education (a) what is the current number of air-conditioned and non-air-conditioned classrooms in schools; (b) whether the Ministry has conducted any studies to elevate the impact of thermal comfort on students' academic performance; and (c) if so, what are the results.

As outlined in our reply to Mr Patrick Tay and Mr Kenneth Tiong for the Parliament Sitting on 22 September 2025 and Senior Minister of State David Neo's Committee of Supply speech on 3 March, the Ministry of Education (MOE) aims to provide a conducive learning environment for students, through heat-resilient school design focussed on passive cooling and additional heat mitigation measures.

All new schools are designed to achieve Green Mark Platinum Super Low Energy certification, which emphasises passive design to reduce heat gain, reduce reliance on air-conditioning and optimise natural ventilation. For example, school buildings are oriented in a north-south direction for natural cross-ventilation, with shading to minimise direct sunlight and large window openings for enhanced airflow and passive cooling, supported by ceiling fans. Where possible, more shade and greenery are incorporated to further reduce the ambient temperature.

On the additional heat mitigation measures that Mr Cai Yinzhou asked about, these are being implemented progressively. By 2027, all schools will be provided with additional and more powerful fans for classrooms as well as the coating of external building facades with cool paint.

We have also been working with schools to identify those that may experience pervasive heat build-up due to specific site constraints, conditions or surroundings that impede natural wind flow. In cases where the current measures are insufficient, additional cooling measures may be deployed in a targeted manner. Air-conditioning can also be considered for classrooms that need to be enclosed for extended periods due to persistent dust or extreme noise, such as from nearby construction sites.

MOE remains committed to ensuring that all students, regardless of which school they attend, have access to conducive learning environments. MOE is working with other agencies and researchers to study the effects of rising temperatures on student learning and well-being, including gathering more data on local conditions and their effects.

As we gather more evidence on the local impact of rising temperatures on students, we will continue to refine our approach to achieve optimal thermal comfort across all schools in an environmentally sustainable manner. This includes exploring further heat adaptation and active cooling measures for classrooms, such as mixed mode air-conditioning.

Minister of State, does your reply also cover Question No 11 as well?

Yes.

Mr Cai.

I thank the Minister of State for her response. I was just wondering further if there are studies on in the impact of thermal comfort on academic performance and with effects, like the urban island heat effect, are there hotter schools than cooler schools, and is there studies on the correlations of academic performance based on that?

I thank the Member for his question. Well, we did have a 2024 National University of Singapore study that identified that cognitive performance does decline above a certain temperature threshold. But this does not mean that all schools may need the same set of cooling measures. We will continue to look across our schools and target the measures at the ones where students may be experiencing more discomfort and this may be temporary or permanent in nature.

12 Mr Dennis Tan Lip Fong asked the Coordinating Minister for Social Policies and Minister for Health whether the Ministry will consider establishing an independent and centralised helpline or oversight under the Tripartite Framework for the Prevention of Abuse and Harassment in Healthcare to enhance follow-up and accountability of internal reporting of abuse in all public healthcare institutions for all non-police cases.

Mr Speaker, all public healthcare institutions have put in place internal mechanisms to ensure due follow-up of reported cases of abuse or harassment. These include protocols for immediate incident response and reporting, post-incident management including support provided to the affected staff, and follow-up actions against perpetrators.

The Tripartite Workgroup for the Prevention of Abuse and Harassment of Healthcare Workers, comprising the Ministry of Health (MOH), union and healthcare employers from public healthcare, community care and private healthcare sectors, also convenes regularly to share best practices on the management of abuse and harassment cases.

Mr Tan.

Thank you, Mr Speaker and I thank the Senior Minister of State for the answer. The reason why I filed this Parliamentary Question is arising from a concern expressed by a resident who is a medical professional working in a hospital. The concern of my resident is that there should be an independent and transparent process of handling feedback, not by the hospital in question, purely because the concern that perhaps the hospital may, in certain circumstances, take the side of the patient rather than the staff.

And also, in addition to that, for more independent tracking and monitoring, whether from a patient point of view or from a staff point of view, there would be more independence if it is done on a centralised and by an independent authority or body, rather than a hospital in question. There may be some conflict of interest as well when it comes to that hospital.

Thank you, Sir. I want to thank the Member for expressing some of the potential concerns and indeed, as he has a resident who has spoken to him on this. I should take this chance to also reiterate that MOH and the Government takes a zero-tolerance stance against abuse of any healthcare workers. I am aware that hospitals do even report perpetrators to the Police for further investigation and take actions against them.

The reason why it is important for the hospital to have an internal process is because the incident management itself does involve making an assessment on the perpetrator – sometimes, the perpetrator himself is the patient. And therefore, there are medical confidentiality issues to allow appropriate judgement on whether that action was something that ought to be taken to task for or if the patient is not compos mentis and he is actually not in the right frame of mind. And so, the action was committed because he has no self-control, because he could have mental illness, for example.

So, there are real reasons why we keep this process internal to the hospital, because they are in the best position to make a judgement.

If I can just illustrate this, there are three parts to incidence management.

First, is the immediate response and that involves actually dealing with, sometimes, the patient who is the one causing the harassment or the patient's next of kin. That has to be something that is dealt with onsite, not by an external third-party.

Secondly, is the reporting and review of the incidence. That is where I made the point earlier about reviewing the medical information behind this. The circumstances that led to the incident would involve some confidential information about the patient, for example.

The third is the post-incidence management and this is where the zero-tolerance stance by the institution is something that we emphasise to management within the hospitals.

So, I want to assure the Member, as well as all our healthcare workers, that incidents like these will be taken seriously. If there is a concern that the hospital has not been fair to the staff, they can escalate it to MOH, where we will take a separate independent review on this as well.

We have established a new record: 30 minutes of Question Time and we cleared 12 Parliamentary Questions. It goes to show, if supplementary questions and replies are succinct, what we can achieve.

Order. End of Question Time. The Clerk will now proceed to read the Order of the Day.

[Pursuant to Standing Order No 22(3), provided that Members had not asked for questions standing in their names to be postponed to a later Sitting day or withdrawn, written answers to questions not reached by the end of Question Time are reproduced in the Appendix.]

[(proc text) Order read for consideration in Committee of Supply [5th Allotted Day]. (proc text)]

[Mr Speaker in the Chair]

[(proc text) Head L (cont) – (proc text)]

[(proc text) Resumption of Debate on Question [3 March 2026], (proc text)]

[(proc text) "That the total sum to be allocated for Head L of the Estimates be reduced by $100." – [Ms Poh Li San]. (proc text)]

[(proc text) Question again proposed. (proc text)]

Senior Minister of State Zaqy Mohamad.

Mr Chairman, I will speak on our approach to strengthen food resilience.

As a country heavily reliant on imports, we are particularly vulnerable to external shocks and supply chain disruptions. Over the past five years, Singapore's food supply has been repeatedly tested by events beyond our control.

During COVID-19, there were concerns that countries' COVID-19 measures would lead to food supply disruptions, such as eggs. In 2022, Malaysia's ban on the export of live chickens disrupted their supply to Singapore. More recently, the disruption in pork supply from Bulan, Indonesia in 2023, due to an African Swine Fever outbreak, further highlighted our vulnerabilities.

Each time, we managed to tide through the disruption with the collective support of our importers, retailers and consumers who switched to alternative options. We must stay prepared for rising geopolitical tensions and trade restrictions which could disrupt our food supply. The latest chain of events in the Middle East only underscores this global climate of uncertainty.

We also need to manage our risks from animal diseases, which add to further pressure on global food supply and global prices. As a long-term risk, we must be able to adapt to climate change, such as extreme and erratic weather which affects crop yields globally.

This is why we need to build options and flexibility to deal with the different types of disruptions – whether they affect single or multiple food items, single sources or entire regions, and whether they last for days or they last for months.

We have learnt many lessons from our "30 by 30" initiative. While it had successfully catalysed local production growth, mainly focusing on one pillar – Grow Local – left us vulnerable to the very disruptions that we sought to address. What have we learnt? A single-pillar approach, no matter how ambitious, cannot provide the food supply resilience that Singapore needs.

This brings us to the Singapore Food Story 2, which Minister Grace Fu announced in November last year. It includes four pillars: diversify imports, grow local, stockpile and global partnerships. These enable us to tap onto the different combinations to address different types of scenarios and that will strengthen our food resilience.

But first, what does it mean to achieve "food resilience"? Food resilience means ensuring Singapore has reliable access to our basic needs – ensuring that during disruptions, there is still food on the table, food on our shelves and meals remain as familiar to us as possible. It will not always be possible to have everyone's favourite food and brand available in every disruption. I think we have to accept that. But we will prioritise staples such as rice, proteins and vegetables. And like any insurance policy, we must be strategic about what we protect and how we protect it. This approach allows us to provide food assurance where it matters most, whilst managing our risks responsibly.

The first food pillar is for industry to diversify imports. This means importing our food from multiple sources and building up alternative sources. Doing so reduces the impact when there are disruptions to particular sources, helping us to stabilise our food supply. And also, it makes easier to pivot to alternative sources when needed.

The Government will support the industry by accrediting new sources, for food of higher food safety concern, such as meat and eggs; we will help our local food importers with business matching; and safeguarding supply stability by establishing regionalisation agreements with key sources.

When disease outbreaks happen, we do not shut down supply from entire countries – we get more precise these days. Our regionalisation agreements allow us to continue importing from disease-free areas within affected countries. For example, during Brazil's Avian Influenza outbreak last year, we maintained poultry imports from accredited farms in unaffected regions, rather than restricting imports from the whole of Brazil.

We will continue to facilitate accreditation and explore regionalisation arrangements with suitable sources.

Diversification alone is not enough and has its constraints. For example, importers may need to buy from sources that are not necessarily the cheapest. So, we have to also strengthen the resilience of existing food supply chains by working with like-minded countries and regions. This is where global partnerships, our newest pillar, comes in.

Mr Ng Shi Xuan asked how we assess whether our global partnerships can support diversification. As shared in Parliament last month, partnerships can take various forms, such as facilitating production overseas, in addition to having government-to-government arrangements and agreements.

For such partnerships to be meaningful and sustainable, they must be win-win. And this will look different for various partnerships. As the Member has mentioned, recent examples include the two memoranda agreements on rice trade signed with Vietnam and Thailand last year. These help us ensure a stable rice supply to Singapore and provide an avenue for Singapore to activate additional rice supplies when needed.

The joint study with Brunei on the feasibility of an Agri-Tech Food Zone in Brunei will explore how both countries can leverage on our respective strengths to enhance agri-food trade and food supply resilience, starting with aquaculture.

When the next disruption hits, we do not want to be scrambling for alternatives. We want to have pre-established channels, we want to have tested protocols and trusted partners who are ready to respond. This transforms crisis management from reactive scrambling to proactive deployment. We will continue to explore mutually beneficial arrangements with like-minded economies to strengthen our food supply resilience.

Chairman, even with our efforts to reduce the likelihood and impact of disruptions, it is still possible that we could face widespread disruptions where food cannot reach our borders for some time. And this is why we will stockpile essential food items, such as rice. It gives us the time and breathing space to restore our food flows and sustain our population.

As shared in this House in November last year, since COVID-19, we have expanded our stockpiles to include frozen protein and canned vegetables to cover all three food groups – carbohydrates, fibre and protein. We will continue to work with the industry to stockpile more effectively.

Moving on to grow local. Grow local remains an important pillar of our food resilience strategy. Stockpiles are finite and imports can be disrupted. Local farms can provide us with a regenerative source of fresh food, that is maintained even during prolonged disruptions. More of our farms are moving towards controlled environments which makes them more climate-resilient and land-efficient.

Ms Poh Li San asked about the lessons learnt from failed local farms and Mr Ng Shi Xuan asked about Singapore's role in alternative proteins. We must first recognise that most of our farming industry is nascent and in an early phase of growth. It will take them time to develop viable technologies and business models. We must also take a practical approach on what we can grow locally in a sustainable manner. It would neither be efficient nor possible to locally produce every food item that we have on our plates today.

Hence, our refreshed local production targets under Singapore Food Story 2, we are focusing on fibre and protein types that are feasible to be produced at scale efficiently in Singapore. These are fresh leafy and fruited vegetables, such as xiao bai cai and tomatoes, beansprouts and mushrooms for fibre; and eggs and seafood for protein. These goals take into account the strengths of our local farming ecosystem and the potential for growth in supply.

We have also got to be realistic about our economics. Our local farms will always face higher land and production costs compared to farms from the region. Unfortunately, that is simply our reality. But the situation is no different from how Singapore differentiates from low-cost alternatives in other industries, such as manufacturing. We have to improve our value-add, bring higher-productivity and cost-efficiency, and with Government's support to invest in capability and capacity development.

But here is what we have also learnt on the demand side: consumers and large buyers, like supermarkets, are willing to pay a reasonable premium for fresher, pesticide-free local produce that comes with guaranteed supply certainty. What this means is that they want consistent supply at scale. So, the key is thus to get our farms to the right scale and cost structure. Take our local egg industry. It has achieved this balance, with local production making up to 30% of local consumption.

Ms Lee Hui Ying and Mr Cai Yinzhou asked how we will support and promote awareness of our local farms. We are helping farms to increase productivity and reap economies of scale, we are helping them to build capabilities, strengthen supply resilience of agri-inputs and enhance demand offtake.

The first tranche of the Agri-food Cluster Transformation (ACT) Fund, launched in 2021, has shown that Singapore farms can transform into advanced farming operations that are of higher yield, that are more pest- and disease- resilient, and increasingly climate-resilient too.

Since its launch, we have awarded $55 million to nearly 150 projects. The Fund has enabled both agri- and aqua-farms to adopt everything from simple, small-scale technologies, like LED grow lights, automated feeders and automated irrigation systems that reduce manual labour, to large-scale farming systems in climate-controlled environments that guarantee year-round production regardless of the weather.

Take Singapore Aquaculture Technology as a good example of this transformation. Using ACT Fund support, instead of adopting conventional open cage fish farm technologies, they deployed a closed containment aquaculture system. What is the outcome? They now operate at three times the productivity of conventional sea-based fish farms and in using closed containment aquaculture system, they face lower risk from environmental hazards, such as algal blooms. Closed containment aquaculture system technology is still nascent and requires industry readiness.

Thus, to Ms Nadia Ahmad Samdin's question, it will take time for the local industry to adopt systems such as closed containment aquaculture system. The Singapore Food Agency (SFA) will continue to support farms who are keen and ready for this transition.

Another beneficiary of the ACT Fund is Yili Farm who upgraded their cultivation systems to optimise layout, improve crop protection and integrate with their centralised nursery and irrigation system. This enabled faster crop cycles and a 20% increase in productivity. These developments give us confidence to enhance the Fund to support our farms further.

Today, I am announcing a new tranche of funding of $70 million under the ACT Fund 2. This will be made available from April 2026, over five years, and it represents our largest industry scheme to date to support technology adoption and local agriculture capability and capacity building.

At the same time, it will introduce a new funding component – the Industry Partnerships for Capability Transformation Grant. This is in response to feedback from the industry on the need for collaborative approaches to tackle common challenges, such as limited economies of scale and supply chain inefficiencies.

This new scheme will co-fund strategic partnerships between farms and ecosystem players on the development and deployment of industry-wide solutions that can support multiple farms. Examples will include farms and industry players collaborating on integrated delivery systems which streamlines the process from farm-to-market, reducing transportation cost and improving product freshness.

For the aquaculture sector, we will also support both sea-based and land-based farms to adopt newer technologies to improve productivity and consistency of output through demonstration projects. One example is the automated vaccination of fingerlings which can reduce labour intensity. Successfully demonstrated technologies can subsequently be adopted by the industry via the ACT Fund 2.

Beyond technology, quality agri-inputs, such as eggs, fingerlings and feed, are fundamental to success for aquaculture. Today, farms source a majority of their fry and fingerling from overseas sources with less consistent quality and lower survival rates due to the long transport stress.

In November 2024, we introduced the National Broodstock Centre and Hatchery Development and Recognition Programme to supply our farms with high quality eggs and fingerlings, with higher survival and grow-out rates. The National Broodstock Centre produces disease-free broodstock that commercial hatcheries then develop into high quality fingerlings under strict biosecurity standards.

For farms, this translates directly into better profitability. These premium fingerlings grow faster, survive better and they convert feed more efficiently. That means that farms reach market quicker with lower feed costs and fewer losses.

We started out with Asian Seabass and have since successfully expanded into Marine Tilapia. Five hatcheries have been recognised under the Hatchery Development and Recognition Programme and can now access quality seabass eggs and marine tilapia brooder fingerlings from the National Broodstock Centre. This year, we will expand our national breeding programme to include Red Snapper and work towards industry-led efforts to increase the supply of Whiteleg shrimp larvae and grouper fingerlings.

High-quality eggs and fingerlings set the foundation, but health and nutrition inputs determine whether farms achieve optimal growth and disease resistance. SFA's new Integrated Hatchery Support Programme will help local hatcheries adopt specialised feeds and quality vaccines that maximise the growth potential of the high quality fries or fingerlings. And this will be done through demonstration trials to build farm's confidence in investing in better quality input.

Together, the National Broodstock Centre, Hatchery Development and Recognition Programme and Integrated Hatchery Support Programme create a reinforced aquaculture value chain for both sea-based and land-based farms that improve fry quality, increase yields and sharpen competitiveness.

Our offtake programmes have been making progress for the food types that matter most to Singapore's food resilience – and we aim to do better. Central to this effort is the Singapore Agro-Food Enterprises Federation (SAFEF), which has become the critical demand aggregation engine that matches our farms' production capacity with local needs.

Ms Nadia Ahmad Samdin asked about the effectiveness of SAFEF's demand aggregation efforts. SAFEF has created sustainable brands like "The Straits Fish" and "SG Farmers' Market" now stocked in major supermarkets – FairPrice, Sheng Siong, Cold Storage and Giant, bringing local produce closer to the community. Public response has been encouraging. For example, the sales for xiao bai cai under the "SG Farmers' Market" brand have increased about sevenfold since its launch in May 2024.

We are expanding the demand aggregation model in 2026 with more product varieties and The Straits Fish marine tilapia ready-to-eat products. SAFEF will also partner more food and beverage (F&B) players to integrate SG Farmers' Market® product range in their menus. This effort aims to facilitate farms’ mainstream market penetration by connecting retail demands with a fragmented local farm supply chain. And this is just due to our small agriculture sector. In aggregated offtake programmes, we give farms the sales certainty they need to scale production. At the same time, supermarkets, hotels and caterers are given the confidence in a guaranteed reliable local supply for them to commit shelf space and marketing support.

The effectiveness of our Singapore Food Story also depends on our readiness to respond swiftly to disruptions. SFA is strengthening early warning systems to provide greater lead time for action. Our new risk monitoring dashboard and food supply visibility tool, developed with PSA BDP, provides early warnings of developments that may affect food imports and strengthens Singapore's upstream food supply chain visibility. This tool has already proven its value – it expedited our risk assessments during Brazil's Avian Influenza outbreaks in May last year and the recent conflict in the Middle East.

For aquaculture, we are upgrading our Harmful Algal Bloom Prediction Model to integrate forecasted weather conditions for more accurate environmental predictions. This will alert farms ahead of anticipated events so that they can implement mitigation measures like aeration or emergency harvests to minimise stock losses.

Together, these initiatives strengthen SFA's ability to assess, plan and mitigate supply disruption risks before they impact Singapore's food resilience. I thank Mr Foo Cexiang for his suggestions on our food pillars. Strong supply chain logistics are indeed a critical backbone for resilience. We will continue to work closely with relevant agencies and industry, including to consider your suggestions.

Chairman, building Singapore's food resilience requires all of us to move beyond individual interests and act with collective urgency. The Government will continue doing our part – be it investing in the ACT Fund 2, expanding the National Broodstock Centre, creating offtake programmes with SAFEF and strengthening early warning systems. But we cannot secure our food future alone.

I hope that businesses do more to support our local food production and our overall Singapore Food Story 2 efforts. Diversify your supply sources and commit to local production as a strategic buffer. Supermarkets should expand local produce shelf space, restaurants should join our Farm-to-Table Recognition Programme and food manufacturers should partner with SAFEF to develop local supply chains.

When you choose local suppliers, you are helping to invest in Singapore's food resilience that will protect your business during the next major disruption or major pandemic scenario. For consumers, your choices shape our collective resilience. Choose local produce even if it costs slightly more and be more flexible with our food choices during crises and shortages. That premium we pay for our local produce is our insurance for reliable food supply when things fail.

Chairman, our founding fathers understood that Singapore's survival depends on collective action over individual interests. As our founding Prime Minister often said, we must leave nothing to chance when it comes to Singapore's survival. Today, we apply that same principle to food resilience with the Singapore Food Story 2 – building comprehensive resilience through collective action, because our food future is too important to leave to chance alone.

Senior Parliamentary Secretary Goh Hanyan.

Mr Chairman, climate adaptation can sound distant – something handled somewhere else by someone else. But in truth, it shows up in everyday life through the sudden downpour that disrupts your commute or the heat that lingers in your flat a little too long after sunset. These small but growing inconveniences tell us something important: the environment around us is changing and how we respond will shape how we live.

In simple terms, climate adaptation means getting ready for disruptions we know are coming. How can we help ourselves stay comfortable and stay safe as the climate shifts. For Singapore, this work is becoming more urgent. Yesterday, Minister Grace Fu announced, we are designating 2026 as our Year of Climate Adaptation. A year to increase awareness and bring everyone into the action.

At MSE, this reflects our unified approach to "we first". Everyone has a stake in how Singapore adapts and everyone has a role in making it work. Over the next few minutes, I will share how we are bringing this approach to life along our coasts, across our communities and in our daily action.

First, as a land scarce country, Singapore is vulnerable to rising seas. In simple terms, if we do nothing, each rise in sea level means less land for us.

We are already seeing some effects today. In January this year, spring tides flooded parts of East Coast Park, even without rain. This shows us that coastal flooding is not a distant future problem, it is happening now.

The Government has committed billions through the Coastal and Flood Protection Fund and this is a long-term investment measured in generations. At its core, coastal protection is about safeguarding land while supporting the way people and nature share our coasts. We see this in Singapore, where steel and concrete abut wilderness. I saw it myself when I joined a few nature group volunteers on an intertidal walk. Sea creatures like nudibranchs and sand dollars, right next to Tanah Merah ferry terminal.

We are speaking to communities about coastal protection measures and how they could be designed. This includes residents, businesses, researchers and nature groups, who all interact with our coast differently, yet care about it deeply.

I attended one of these sessions at Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, discussing coastal protection around mangrove habitats. The conversation was rich of perspectives, discussing trade-offs and exploring how we might combine coastal protection measures with public spaces.

One suggestion that emerged was transforming the Kranji Tidal Gatehouse into a viewing deck. We are listening and we are onboarding these views as we develop our coastal protection measures across Singapore. Because when people help shapes what protects them, protection becomes something shared rather than something imposed.

Second, with extreme weather events happening more often, I am very sure everyone has been caught in unexpected heavy storms. We continue upgrading our drains and infrastructure, but no city can plan and build its way out of every possible storm. For true resilience, we must all be empowered to protect ourselves. As Ms Poh Li San highlighted, businesses can take a step to protect their premises from flooding.

To help them understand what those steps may be, PUB worked with industry through an Alliance-for-Action to develop a Flood Resilient Developments Guidebook. The Guidebook will be launched in mid-2026 on PUB's website. It will help business owners assess their flood exposure through a Do-It-Yourself (DIY) Flood Risk Matrix and decide what protection measures they need for their properties. The guidance is practical and draws directly from industry experience.

Beyond what businesses can do, preparedness starts with each one of us. Look out for PUB's "Get Flood-wise in a F.L.A.S.H." campaign or join their outreach events. Learn simple actions to keep yourself and your family safe during heavy rains or floods.

Ms Nadia would be glad that we are bringing preparedness to your doorstep. Our teams are visiting flood-prone areas, distributing portable flood barriers that you can set up quickly. We have already distributed over 16,000 of these barriers and are continuing throughout this year. Join us and act now by subscribing to PUB's flood alerts on Telegram, X or on the MyENV app.

Next, coastal and flood protection are important to keeping Singapore safe and liveable. An engaged community is what truly makes the difference. We are encouraged to see communities across Singapore coming forward, coming together with solutions to protect our environment and promote sustainability.

We are supporting your efforts through the SG Eco Fund. Since 2020, the SG Eco Fund has awarded over $21 million to support close to 500 initiatives, engaging over 700,000 individuals.

I am particularly excited about an SG Eco Fund project tackling indoor heat for seniors, a topic less understood and not talked about enough. HeatAware SG by Sustainable Living Lab puts sensors in homes to help seniors understand temperature build-up and gives timely cooling advice.

One senior who they worked with had never used fans, even on hot days, a habit brought over from kampong days. But imagine, with rising temperatures, this risks heat stroke. With simple monitoring and gentle prompts, seniors are now empowered with the information they need to stay safe when it gets too hot.

Ultimately, to adapt, we must first see clearly. When we understand what is changing around us, we can prepare. That is how societies successfully weather change.

Ms Hany Soh asked about expanding the SG Eco Fund's scope to support more ground-up action. As climate risks grow, we need more focussed action. So, we are aligned on that.

That is why I am announcing the Climate Adaptation Package under the SG Eco Fund. Starting 1 May 2026, we will commit up to $5 million over two years to fund projects, like HeatAware SG, that build awareness and inspire action on climate adaptation topics. These topics, include heat resilience, as Mr Ng Shi Xuan, Mr David Hoe and Ms Valerie Lee highlighted; flood protection, water conservation and supporting local produce. We will open applications all year-round and increase funding for supportable project costs from 80% to 90%.

Climate change can feel overwhelming. But we believe you can make a difference. If you have ideas, take advantage of the SG Eco Fund. We want to hear from you and we are here to support you to turn your ideas into reality. To our young people, your energy and your ideas are exactly what we need to build a resilient Singapore, one that you can inherit with confidence.

Mr Lee Hong Chuang would be heartened to know that we are also committed to empowering our young people in building resilience beyond our shores. The National Youth Council's Singapore-Association of Southeast Asia Nations (ASEAN) Youth Fund supports youth sustainability projects across Southeast Asia. They can also volunteer in sustainability projects overseas through the Youth Corps Expedition Project.

Finally, climate adaptation is also about daily behaviour – the habits we form, the choices we make and the responsibilities we all carry as individuals.

Let me now say a few words in Mandarin about the Beverage Container Return Scheme and how daily actions can drive sustainability.

(In Mandarin): [Please refer to Vernacular Speech.] Singapore is facing severe challenges brought about by climate change. We must seek better solutions to adapt to these changes. MSE hopes to encourage all sectors of society to work together with us to make sustainability a part of our daily lives.

The Beverage Container Return Scheme that Dr Janil Puthucheary mentioned yesterday is a good example. Starting next month, supermarkets, hawker centres, coffee shops and some retail outlets will gradually begin selling bottled and canned beverages that are printed or attached with the scheme's deposit mark.

To help consumers adapt to the scheme, local major supermarkets will uniformly adopt the following practices. The prices displayed on shelves will not include the 10-cent deposit. Supermarkets will clearly inform consumers that they need to pay an additional 10-cent deposit at checkout. Smaller retailers may adopt different pricing methods. We will continue to work with them to ensure that pricing for bottled and canned beverages remain clear and transparent.

After finishing the drinks, consumers can put the marked containers into reverse vending machines to retrieve the 10-cent deposit. SimplyGo EZ-Link cards and concession cards or DBS PayLah! can be used to retrieve the deposit. The new scheme will not only increase the recycling rates of beverage containers but also encourage Singaporeans to develop good recycling habits.

Before launching BCRS, we consulted F&B operators extensively and identified two feasible approaches for recycling containers. The first approach is to pour canned beverages into cups for customers to enjoy or to collect the container after consumers finish their drinks. In such cases, F&B operators will not charge customers the 10-cent deposit.

We will classify this category of operators as "Return Right F&B" merchants. These F&B operators will display notices in their stores to inform customers that they will not be charged a deposit. We understand that operators who choose to collect the containers themselves need to put in more effort to modify their work processes. To assist these operators, we will provide a one-time subsidy of $500 for each "Return Right F&B" outlet. Operators can submit their applications to the National Environment Agency (NEA).

The second approach is to charge customers who purchase canned beverages a 10-cent deposit. After finishing their drinks, customers can put the container into any reverse vending machine to retrieve their 10-cent deposit. This model will be more practical for most coffee shop and hawker centre stall owners.

Implementing and perfecting a new policy takes time. During this transition period, we seek the public's support and understanding. At the same time, we also welcome feedback and suggestions for our reference and improvement.

As long as we work together, we can all do our part to protect the environment.

(In English): Mr Chairman, climate adaptation is about preparing early and acting together. From coasts to floods to community action, each effort depends on all of us. This is how nations endure, by adapting together, preparing early and building for generations. The Government will continue investing for the long-term and we invite every Singaporean to be part of this effort. Because that is what "we first" means – a shared responsibility for a shared future. [Applause.]

Ms Poh Li San.

Thank you, Speaker, and I thank the Minister, Senior Minister of State and also the Senior Parliamentary Secretary. I have a question for Senior Minister of State Dr Janil. I highlighted the expensive irony of food waste in Singapore and asked for MSE's plans and efforts to reduce food waste, and in his reply, Dr Janil mentioned only the Good Samaritan Food Donation Act. I would like to highlight that this Act was a Private Members' Bill led by former Member of Parliament Mr Louis Ng, Ms Hany Soh, Mr Edward Chia and myself, together with a large committee of green activists and stakeholders, through five years of consultation and ground-up efforts.

At an average of 128 kilogrammes of food waste per capita per year, and this is an increasing trend, Singapore ranks amongst the top 15 countries worldwide with highest food waste per capita. The restaurants and hotels alone are responsible for about 28% of food waste and that is a substantial proportion for a small group. I would like to ask Dr Janil, will there be further plans and efforts by MSE to reduce food waste and will there be more targeted collaboration with the restaurants and hotel sector to reverse the growing trend of food waste?

Sir, the short answer is, yes. We do indeed want to improve our food waste management and encourage all the stakeholders involved to participate. We have, as Ms Poh has highlighted, a number of mechanisms and platforms, as well as legislation in place. We would like to make sure those are fully utilised and continue to work with stakeholders to then study how we can improve the processes.

At the moment, we are focusing, in the news and in the House on other waste streams – plastics and packaging – but indeed, food waste is something that we do need to think very seriously about because of the opportunity that it presents in terms of reducing our wastage, improving our resource recycling and reducing the amount that is diverted towards waste and landfill.

Ms Hany Soh.

Thank you, Chairman. I have two clarifications. The first is in relation to the Beverage Container Return Scheme. I understand from Senior Minister of State Dr Janil's speech yesterday that the "Return Right" F&B outlets will be given a specific decal to inform consumers about their plans. In this regard, I wish to ask whether the decals have already been distributed to all of these stakeholders and are we looking at implementing it by 1 April as well? And to further avoid any confusion among the patrons in the F&B outlets, can we explore having a centralised compiled list of these vendors and perhaps put it on MyENV app?

The second clarification is in relation to the SG Eco Fund. It is heartening to hear from the Minister that $50 million granted since November 2020 has engaged more than 700,000 people on sustainability related efforts. In this aspect, can I check whether we have also been keeping track in terms of the amount of the waste or energy and water resources that we have conserved through rolling out of this initiative through the SG Eco Funds? As I mentioned in my speech, it is important to actually measure to manage the outcomes.

Sir, I thank Ms Hany Soh for her questions. The decals are available if the F&B outlets sign up to be part of the "Return Right" F&B scheme. I would not want Members to think that this has to be done by 1 April. Even after 1 April, an F&B outlet can choose to sign up.

But if it has not yet signed up and is not on the list as a "Return Right" F&B outlet, then they have an obligation to charge the 10-cent deposit for the 10-cent deposit to follow the container with the customer. Whoever has the container then has the responsibility to deal with it. So, the decals are available. We will be distributing them to outlets that sign up, either before 1 April or after.

The idea of a centralised list is something we can certainly look at and consider.

The clarifications are getting longer. The guillotine time is 11.30 am. Yes, Senior Parliamentary Secretary Goh.

To Ms Hany Soh's question about whether we measure the outcomes of SG Eco Fund. Today, we do not measure the outcomes in terms of the way that the Member has described, in terms of waste reduced or energy saved. However, we do track in terms of the number of applicants that come forward, the profile of the applicants and the quality of the projects that we get. This is mainly because the SG Eco Fund was started with the objective of empowering and to increase awareness of sustainability objectives. However, over time, as the fund evolves and matures, we could consider.

Mr David Hoe, for your two cuts and seven minutes.

Thank you, Chairman. I have two clusters of question. The first is regarding the how of the climate adaptation plan, and second is about the Beverage Container Return Scheme.

The Minister mentioned yesterday that heat advisories will be sent out through the myENV app. I think that is really useful because most of us have a smart phone today. Yesterday, what I did was, after Parliament, I went to meet my grassroot leaders, in a room of more than 40 grassroot leaders, and I shared this with my grassroot leaders. Then, I asked, "With a show of hands, how many of us actually have the myENV app?" It was only a handful of grassroot leaders who downloaded this myENV app. So, I would like to ask, whether from MSE's point of view, do we know what is the current number of people who downloaded this app? What is our view to that?

After that, in my head, I was, "Oh no, for those uncles and aunties 不认英文字怎么办?" So, I started scrolling through the app and I tried to change the language setting to Mandarin —

Mr Hoe, can you get to your clarification? I just asked that everyone be precise.

Okay. My question is whether the app itself has a multilingual feature so that our seniors or those who are not fully competent in English will be able to use this app.

On the second question regarding the Beverage Container Return Scheme, I am supportive of the recycling efforts and the deployment of 1,000 reverse vending machines (RVMs). I would like to clarify whether in areas in Clementi such as Faber Hills Estate, where it is a mixture of landed and densely populated condominiums with no large supermarkets, will there be a deployment of an RVM there? If the answer is not yet, would we consider prioritising condominiums that are densely populated such as The Trilinq and Parc Clematis in Clementi?

Sir, if I could address the question on the RVMs first. Certainly, and I would ask Mr Hoe and all Members if there are specific locations that they think would be better served by an RVM, we do have a plan to double the number from the initial deployment and we are looking at feedback to decide where those RVMs should be placed.

We will also be looking at the usage patterns of the first 1,000 to help us understand where we would locate them. But if there are specific locations, we would be more than happy to consider them.

Thank you, Mr Chairman. I would like to respond to Member David Hoe's comment on heat advisories.

We have about one million subscribers who have downloaded the myENV app. Obviously, I think that is a lot more that we can do and we should encourage more Singaporeans to download it. The issues that Mr Hoe has mentioned about language accessibility is precisely what we like to hear from you during this engagement over the Year of Climate Adaptation.

Also, I would like to put on record my thanks to many Members who have given us very well thought-through, considered suggestions on how we should improve the heat resilience of the country. I think that these will be gold nuggets that we could incorporate into our adaptation plan.

Ms Lee Hui Ying, your three cuts in six minutes.

Thank you, Mr Chair. I just have two quick clarifications for Senior Minister of State Janil.