Personal Data Protection Act 2012 · 2020 Revised Edition · Schedules
Schedule 2 · Additional bases for collection, use and disclosure of personal data without consent
Feedback & supportSECOND SCHEDULESections 2(1) and 17(1)Additional bases for collection, use and disclosure of personal data without consentPart 1COLLECTION OF PERSONAL DATA1. The collection of personal data about an individual, if —
personal data
“personal data” means data, whether true or not, about an individual who can be identified —(a)from that data; or(b)from that data and other information to which the organisation has or is likely to have access;
the personal data was disclosed by a public agency; and
public agency
“public agency” includes —(a)the Government, including any ministry, department, agency, or organ of State;(b)any tribunal appointed under any written law; or(c)any statutory body specified under subsection (2);
the collection of the personal data by the organisation is consistent with the purpose of the disclosure by the public agency.Part 2USE OF PERSONAL DATADivision 1 — Public interest
organisation
“organisation” includes any individual, company, association or body of persons, corporate or unincorporated, whether or not —(a)formed or recognised under the law of Singapore; or(b)resident, or having an office or a place of business, in Singapore;
1. The use of personal data about an individual, if —
the personal data was disclosed by a public agency; and
the use of the personal data by the organisation is consistent with the purpose of the disclosure by the public agency.Division 2 — Business improvement purpose1.—
business
“business” includes the activity of any organisation, whether or not carried on for purposes of gain, or conducted on a regular, repetitive or continuous basis, but does not include an individual acting in his or her personal or domestic capacity;
Subject to the conditions in sub‑paragraph (2), personal data about an individual (P) is used by the organisation for any of the following purposes:
improving or enhancing any goods or services provided, or developing new goods or services to be provided, by the organisation;
goods
“goods” means any personal property, whether tangible or intangible, and is deemed to include —(a)chattels that are attached or intended to be attached to real property on or after delivery;(b)financial products and credit, including credit extended solely on the security of land;(c)any residential property; and(d)a voucher;
improving or enhancing the methods or processes, or developing new methods or processes, for the operations of the organisation;
learning about and understanding the behaviour and preferences of P or another individual in relation to the goods or services provided by the organisation;
services
“services” includes —(a)a service offered or provided that involves the addition to or maintenance, repair or alteration of goods or any residential property;(b)a membership in any club or organisation if the club or organisation is a business formed to make a profit for its owners;(c)the right to use time share accommodation under a time share contract; and(d)financial services;
identifying any goods or services provided by the organisation that may be suitable for P or another individual, or personalising or customising any such goods or services for P or another individual.
Sub‑paragraph (1) applies only if —
the purpose for which the organisation uses personal data about P cannot reasonably be achieved without the use of the personal data in an individually identifiable form; and
a reasonable person would consider the use of personal data about P for that purpose to be appropriate in the circumstances.
To avoid doubt, sub‑paragraph (1) does not apply to the use of personal data about P for the purpose of sending to P or another individual a message for an applicable purpose within the meaning given by section 37(6).
message
“message” means any message, whether in sound, text, visual or other form;
In this paragraph, “organisation” excludes a corporation within the meaning given by section 4(1) of the Companies Act 1967.Division 3 — Research
1. The use of personal data about an individual for a research purpose (including historical or statistical research), if —
the research purpose cannot reasonably be accomplished unless the personal data is used in an individually identifiable form;
there is a clear public benefit to using the personal data for the research purpose;
the results of the research will not be used to make any decision that affects the individual; and
in the event that the results of the research are published, the organisation publishes the results in a form that does not identify the individual.Part 3DISCLOSURE OF PERSONAL DATA WITHOUT CONSENTDivision 1 — Public interest
1. The disclosure of personal data about an individual to a public agency, where the disclosure is necessary in the public interest.
2. The disclosure of personal data about an individual who is a current or former student of an educational institution to a public agency for the purposes of policy formulation or review.
3. The disclosure of personal data about an individual who is a current or former patient of any of the following to a public agency for the purposes of policy formulation or review:
[Deleted by Act 19 of 2025 wef 05/12/2025]
a licensee under the Healthcare Services Act 2020;
a prescribed healthcare body.
prescribed healthcare body
“prescribed healthcare body” means a healthcare body prescribed for the purposes of the Second Schedule by the Minister charged with the responsibility for health;
4. The disclosure of personal data about any individual to any officer of a prescribed law enforcement agency, upon production of written authorisation signed by the head or director of that prescribed law enforcement agency or a person of a similar rank, certifying that the personal data is necessary for the purposes of the functions or duties of the officer.Division 2 — Research
prescribed law enforcement agency
“prescribed law enforcement agency” means an authority charged with the duty of investigating offences or charging offenders under written law, prescribed for the purposes of sections 21(4) and 26D(6) and the Second Schedule by the Minister charged with the responsibility for that authority;
1. The disclosure of personal data about an individual for a research purpose (including historical or statistical research), if —
the research purpose cannot reasonably be accomplished unless the personal data is disclosed in an individually identifiable form;
it is impracticable for the organisation to seek the individual’s consent for the disclosure;
there is a clear public benefit to disclosing the personal data for the research purpose;
the results of the research will not be used to make a decision that affects the individual; and
in the event that the results of the research are published, the organisation publishes the results in a form that does not identify the individual.[40/2020]