Adoption of Children Act 2022 · Updated to 15 Oct 2024 · Part 3 · Adoption Proceedings
38. Meaning of “ill‑treatment”
Official textFrom Singapore Statutes Online, unchanged
For the purposes of this Division, ill‑treatment of a child occurs when a person (whether the relevant person of the child or otherwise) —
child
“child”, if age rather than descendancy is relevant, means an individual below 21 years of age;
subjects the child to physical or sexual abuse;
wilfully or unreasonably does, or causes the child to do, any act which endangers or is likely to endanger the safety of the child or which causes or is likely to cause the child —
any unnecessary physical pain, suffering or injury;
any emotional harm; or
emotional harm
“emotional harm”, in relation to a child, means any serious impairment to the growth, development, or behavioural, cognitive or affective functioning of the child, and includes —(a)delayed mental and physical development of the child;(b)a child assessed by the Director‑General or a protector to be of danger to himself or herself or to other persons;(c)a child assessed by the Director‑General or a protector to be severely withdrawn, anxious or depressed; and(d)a child diagnosed by a registered medical practitioner as having a mental health condition such as post‑traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression or psychosomatic disorder;
any injury to the child’s health or development; or
wilfully or unreasonably exposes the child with full intention of abandoning the child or in circumstances that are likely to endanger the safety of the child or cause the child —
any unnecessary physical pain, suffering or injury;
any emotional harm; or
any injury to the child’s health or development,whether or not any actual suffering or injury on the part of the child or the likelihood of any suffering or injury on the part of the child was prevented by another person.
Terms defined in this Act
child
Defined · s 2“child”, if age rather than descendancy is relevant, means an individual below 21 years of age;
emotional harm
Defined · s 36“emotional harm”, in relation to a child, means any serious impairment to the growth, development, or behavioural, cognitive or affective functioning of the child, and includes —(a)delayed mental and physical development of the child;(b)a child assessed by the Director‑General or a protector to be of danger to himself or herself or to other persons;(c)a child assessed by the Director‑General or a protector to be severely withdrawn, anxious or depressed; and(d)a child diagnosed by a registered medical practitioner as having a mental health condition such as post‑traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression or psychosomatic disorder;
relevant person
Defined · s 2“relevant person”, in relation to a child, or a protected person mentioned in Part 5, means any person who —(a)is a parent or guardian of the child or protected person;(b)has actual custody of the child or protected person; or(c)is liable to contribute to the support of the child or protected person;
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Part 4
Post-Adoption Matters
Part 5
Confidentiality of Children Involved in Adoption Proceedings
Part 6
Regulation of Adoption Practices and Processes
Part 7
Enforcement
Part 8
General Provisions
Part 9