Singapore legislation
Regulation 68
of Air Navigation (125 — Complex General Aviation) Regulations 2018
Regulation 68
Aircraft operating at night or under IFR
Subregulation 1
For every aircraft that is to be flown at night, in accordance with the Instrument Flight Rules or when the surface is not in sight during a complex general aviation operation, the CGAC holder must ensure that the aircraft is equipped with a means of measuring or displaying —
magnetic heading;
the time in hours, minutes and seconds;
barometric altitude, from 2 independent altimetry sources, at least one of which must be a sensitive pressure altimeter;
airspeed, with a means of preventing malfunctioning due to either condensation or icing;
mach number, if the speed limitation prescribed by the aircraft flight manual is expressed in terms of mach number;
aircraft attitude indicator for each required pilot;
stabilised aircraft heading;
the adequacy of the power supply to any gyroscopic instrument;
the outside air temperature; and
the rate of climb and descent.
Subregulation 2
A CGAC holder must ensure that each attitude indicator required under paragraph (1)(f) —
is powered by a separate source that is capable of automatically continuing to power the indicator for at least 30 minutes after total failure of the main electrical generating system; and
has an indicator on the instrument panel of the aircraft to inform the pilot when the attitude indicator is being operated by emergency power.
Subregulation 3
Where an aircraft is to be flown at night during a complex general aviation operation, the CGAC holder must ensure that the aircraft is equipped with the following lights:
lights as required by the Rules of the Air;
illumination for all flight instruments and equipment that are essential for the safe operation of the aircraft;
lights in all passenger compartments;
a landing light if the aircraft is an aeroplane, or a landing light trainable in the vertical plane if the aircraft is a helicopter;
an independent portable light for each crew member.
Subregulation 4
Where the aircraft mentioned in paragraph (1) is an aeroplane, the CGAC holder —
must ensure that the aeroplane is equipped with a means of measuring and displaying turn and slip (called in this paragraph a turn and slip indicator); and
may, in lieu of an aircraft attitude indicator required under paragraph (1)(f), equip the aeroplane with a turn and slip indicator in addition to the requirement in sub‑paragraph (a).
Subregulation 5
Where the aircraft mentioned in paragraph (1) is a helicopter, the CGAC holder must ensure that the helicopter is equipped with —
a slip indicator; and
an aircraft attitude indicator in addition to the requirement in paragraph (1)(f).
Subregulation 6
In this regulation, “the surface is not in sight” means that —
the flight crew is not able to see sufficient surface features; or
the surface illumination is insufficient to enable the flight crew to maintain the aircraft at a desired attitude without reference to any flight instrument.